The temple of Augustus and Roma (Zahn, 1:249; H. Schlier, Principalities and Powers in the New Testament [New York: Herder and Herder, 1961] 29; Hemer, Letters, 87), also known as the “Sebastion.” This temple was built, perhaps at the foot of the acropolis of Pergamon, by permission of Augustus in 29 B.C. (its site has never been located). It was the first imperial temple in the Roman province of Asia and was one of the more important centers of the imperial cult The book of Revelation
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it appears that the “throne of Satan” should be identified not with a specific architectural feature of Roman Pergamon (in part because so little is actually known about first-century Pergamon) but rather with the Roman opposition to early Christianity, which the author of Rev 2–3 perceived as particularly malevolent in that city.